Unlock the cabinet. Remove as many drawers as possible to allow for greater access to the cabinet's interior. Shine a flashlight into the cabinet and crawl inside to inspect the back of the lock. Reach your hands inside and work by touch if the cabinet has crossbars that prevent you from getting your head inside, though you may be able to see somewhat if you look at an angle.
Take a picture of the lock mechanism attachment for reference later during reinstallation. Loosen the lock from the inside of the cabinet by removing the screws that hold it in place then detach it from the large locking mechanism that extends down the side of the cabinets.
Remove the cabinet lock and contact the cabinet manufacturer to order a replacement. If you cannot locate the manufacturer, contact a national hardware retailer or drawing cabinet manufacturer. Bring the lock to the store, if necessary, to check the size and shape against similar lock systems designed by aftermarket companies.
Set the new lock inside the cabinet and fasten it to the locking mechanism in the same manner as the old one was installed. Reference the photo, as needed, to confirm the arrangement. Fasten the lock to the cabinet with the original screws. Replace the drawers and test the locking system. Make any adjustments, as needed, for smooth and secure operation of the lock.