Clean the window frame where the storm window will go by scraping away any loose paint and vacuuming up the debris.
Measure where the two weep holes are on the bottom of the storm window. Drill two corresponding holes in the window sill to allow the water to drain.
Paint the trim around the window frame with exterior-grade primer.
Apply a continuous bead of paintable, butyl or latex caulking around the inside edge of the storm window. Do not caulk along the bottom edge of the window. Follow the window manufacturer's instructions for the type of caulk to use.
Lift the storm window up into the window opening so that the weep holes are aligned with the drilled holes in the sill.
Insert screws into each of the existing screw holes in the window, and screw them in to attach the storm window to the frame. Most windows have six screw holes -- three on each side.
Slide the metal expander down at the bottom of the window. This covers the bottom gap. Use a hammer and metal scraper to tap the expander down.