# Types of Compaction Equipment
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Wheeled Compactor
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The largest of the species of compactors, the wheeled compactor utilizes steel wheels instead of rubber. Each wheel has 30-40 rounded spikes that drive into the earth as the machine rolls. Each wheel is separate from the others and has the ability to vibrate for additional compaction. Due to this compactor's extreme weight -- which often exceeds 100,000 lbs. -- it is commonly used to compact debris in landfills and loose top soil in preparation for a concrete or asphalt rock base.
Vibrating Road Rollers
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Vibratory compactors are large, heavy-duty machines often weighing upwards of 35,000 to 45,000 pounds depending on the model. The vehicle uses a round steel drum in place of front tires to compact soil and asphalt flat and smooth with a total force of 70 to 100 pounds per square inch or more depending on the model. The rear axle is equipped with rubber tires that propel the vehicle while the drum rolls and vibrates. Since the roller drum is fixed, the vehicle steers via a center pivot point that articulates the drum left or right.
Plate Compactor
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The plate compactor is for use in tight spaces and small surface areas of about 5,000 to 10,000 square feet. It is a walk behind compactor with a vibrating plate positioned on the bottom of the machine. Most models weigh between 100 to 200 lbs. and are capable of compacting soil to a depth of 12 inches. This compactor type is used to compact the base rock beneath both asphalt and surfaces paved with stone, or brick that will need to accommodate vehicles and heavy foot traffic.
Tampers
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A hand tamper can get the job done in areas that call for light compaction where surface weight will not exceed a few hundred pounds. This tool has an 8-by-8 inch or 10-by-10 inch steel plate mounted on a wooden handle. The worker tamps by raising and dropping the plate onto the soil or surface. The tamper is ideal for compacting small irrigation trenches, landscaping compaction and soil prep for paving stone walkway and patio areas.
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