Sheet Metal Fabrication Tools

Preparation

• Sheet metal workers generally begin a project by studying blueprints, sketches and design plans. They rely on accurate measurements to construct their projects and utilize commonly available tools such as rulers, squares, measuring tape and handheld calculators. Along with paper and pencil sketches, sheet metal workers often use computer aided drafting (CAD) to design models with high precision before construction begins. Some computer programs may also control additional equipment, including saws, lasers or presses, and a level of program knowledge is needed to coordinate the tools with the program correctly.

Cutting

• Workers without the benefit of computerized equipment rely on punches, saws and rotary tools to perform basic tasks on a particular metal, whether aluminum, copper or a more unusual material. Metal workers are also proficient with typical construction tools such as screwdrivers and wrenches, as these can be used throughout the metalworking process in a variety of ways. The use of metal shears, both handheld and computer operated, along with foaming rolls and routers, is important when cutting individual metal pieces.

Shaping and Finishing

• When shaping and adjusting metal pieces, workers use anvils and blocks as base forms around which the metal can be quickly and steadily bent and adjusted. Appropriate tools for shaping range from common hammers, rubber mallets and pliers to more technical arc welding equipment and various small power tools, such as drills and buffers, when a design requires minute details or accents.

  After a piece is properly shaped, it is sometimes necessary to add bolts, screws or rivets to secure the pieces. When checking the consistency and accuracy of a part, sheet metal workers use calipers, scales, micrometers and gauges.

Project Overviews

• Sheet metal workers who work for large commercial operations and are less likely to be involved in custom fabrication often use mass-produced manipulative parts that are already cut and formed, such as flexible ducts, and then adjust these pieces to the necessary task. Those working in heating, ventilation and residential services tend to use standard sizes of metal and may only need minor assistance with drills or hammers to adjust pieces as needed.