Enclosure Restrictions & the Proximity to Wood for Hot Water Heaters

Types of Hot Water Heaters

• Homeowners can choose from a range of hot water heater options to suit their family’s needs. Natural gas water heaters are still staples in many homes, and have specific requirements for piping the gas to the unit. Electric water heaters are also common. This type of system does not entail code requirements for releasing exhaust, as natural gas systems do. Tankless, or on-demand, water heaters have become more widely available. Tankless water heaters do not require a storage tank and are convenient for homes with restricted space. Heat pump water heaters that move energy from place to place to warm water can be two to three times more efficient than standard electric water heaters, according to the U.S. Department of Energy's EnergySavers website.

Installing Hot Water Heaters

• Each type of water heater has its own requirements and restrictions for installation. In addition, local code restrictions may apply in regard to installation in attics, basements and other enclosed areas. Consultation with a local plumber will provide information on many of these restrictions.

Enclosure Installation Restrictions

• Local building codes often include restrictions on installation of hot water heaters, Storage type water heaters often cannot be installed in enclosures that are used as storage areas, or may require being placed in a sealed enclosure if they're near a bathroom or bedroom area, as recommended at the AllAroundPlumbing website. Tankless water heaters can be installed outdoors in an enclosure that protects the unit from the elements. Heat pump type water heaters must be located in areas where the temperatures remain in the 40 to 90 degrees Fahrenheit range. They can be installed in enclosures, such as a furnace room.

Proximity of Wood Materials

• Storage tank water heaters may require installation that place's the unit's flame 18 inches above the floor. Storage water heaters that are installed on carpeting require a wood or metal panel between the water heater and the carpeted surface. Tankless water heaters should not be installed within 24 inches of combustible items such as wood, paper, solvents or other materials, according to the E-TanklessWaterHeater website.

Other Precautions for Installation

• Gas water heaters require adequate venting of toxic gases that build up from burning fuel. Tankless water heaters should not be allowed to freeze, which can cause permanent damage to the unit. Heat pump water heaters draw heat from their environment and function best in warm or hot climates.