Estimating Techniques in Construction

Determining the Correct Size

• Sizing a project can be as simple as measuring a room, or as complex as pulling measurements off of a stack of blueprints. Most large projects provide bidders with a set of prints from which to base the estimate. Sometimes this is the only chance you get to determine what is involved in the job and make cost projections. Occasionally you can also site measure a project. In these instances take your projections off the prints and double-check them. Then go to the job site and measure it in person. On-site visits can help you catch mistakes and see hidden factors that might affect your estimates.

Job Costing

• Labor and material prices fluctuate so base your estimate on what they will be when the project actually starts. A good estimate takes into account these future projections. When possible, negotiate and lock in your labor and material costs prior to submitting the bid. This can protect you from rising market costs down the road when you begin to build.

Time

• Time really is money, and your estimate should include an allowance for overages based on the size of the project. A slow down on one part of the job may affect your ability to accomplish your portion. This can become a scheduling issue that forces you to bring in extra help to finish on time. Always leave yourself a cushion when it comes to labor pricing, but not so large that you don't get the job.

Special Circumstances

• Many estimates require accommodations for special circumstances that can affect costs and scheduling. Examples include government jobs that specify pay scales, or working in a building or neighborhood that restricts working hours. You may also have to meet certain environmental regulations or use specified materials that are more expensive than what you normally use. Picking up on these potential problems is critical to a successful estimate.