Measure the distance from the outside of the two wooden supports to which the shelf will be attached, ideally the corner posts at the foot of the bottom bunk. Cut the shelf board to fit well within this distance.
Measure the distance between the center of the two wooden supports to which the shelf will be attached and position the brackets on the shelf board with their centers the same distance apart. Mark the bracket holes using the pencil. Predrill the holes using a drill bit slightly smaller than the wood screws. Attach the brackets to the shelf board using the wood screws.
Position the completed shelf at the desired location and place the carpenter's level on top of it, parallel with the shelf. Adjust the position of the shelf until it is level, then mark the bracket holes in the bunk bed supports with the pencil. Predrill the holes, being careful not to let the drill bit poke out the opposite side. Attach the brackets to the wood supports with wood screws, ensuring that the wood screws do not poke out the opposite side of the wood.