Prepare the cabinet surface. The first step in prepping the cabinet for new paint is to thoroughly clean all surfaces with an ammonia-based cleaner. This will remove minor surface stains and grease, as both make it difficult for new paint to stick.
Prime the cabinets. Use a high-hiding primer to prevent color bleeding and to provide a sturdy surface for new paint. Most primers require several days to cure properly, so follow the manufacturer’s instructions as closely as possible.
Sand lightly using 220-grit sandpaper. Thoroughly vacuum any sawdust left behind before beginning the painting process.
Select a paint type. Latex is a better option for the kitchen and provides a thicker, more even coat than oil-based products. Both resist staining and scratching, but latex is significantly easier to clean and maintain. Oil paints and the paint thinner used to clean them are both highly flammable, meaning they are not ideal for use in the kitchen. Latex is a water-based product and is easily wiped up using soap and warm water in the event of a spill.
Cover all surfaces not intended for paint. Use plastic sheeting to cover floors, counters and other large areas not meant for paint. Painters tape or masking tape will protect smaller areas, including trim.
Apply paint using a spray system, roller or synthetic fiber brush. Sprayers and rollers provide the most even, streak-free finish. Synthetic fibers are less expensive than natural alternatives, are significantly more durable and will hold their shape longer. Allow paint to dry thoroughly before moving on to the trim. Drying time will vary a bit, but latex generally requires two to four hours.
Stain the wood trim. A variety of stain styles are available to choose from, some that provide only a slight color change and some that are more intense. Application requires the use of a brush or rag, depending on the specific type of stain. Dry time will vary, depending on the specific product, so refer to manufacturer’s instructions. Wood trim can also be painted to match the cabinet, or removed for a cleaner, more modern appearance.
Apply polyurethane over both the paint and wood trim. In most situations, two or three layers of polyurethane is sufficient. This clear coat will provide protection from moisture, heat, stains and scratches, which prolongs the life of the paint.