Circuit Breaker Size for a Kitchen Range

Diagram

• A wiring diagram is an essential first step to wiring a kitchen or any other part of the home. These guides usually come with illustrations showing the layout, positioning and color of wires required for completing an electrical project, and they will also contain information on how to wire appliances and outlets. These guides are essential for beginners and are available from online sources as well as in do-it-yourself books. It is important that printed versions be clear and legible to prevent problems.

Range Circuit

• The National Electrical Code suggests a circuit breaker size of 50 amps and 220 volts for the range. Most household breakers carry just 110 volts, so 220 is considered a tandem breaker, one that provides two separate circuits in the space of a regular breaker opening. This extra voltage reduces short circuits and electrical hazards. The added strength also provides maximum power to run the stove. The outlet should be a 50-amp outlet wired with a 6/3 cable, but is not required to be outfitted with a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) plug, which prevents shocks and electrocution.

Servicing Equipment

• Electrical servicing equipment, including the master panel, should be located in an area that is uninterrupted by cabinets or other structures. The National Electrical Code lays out specific requirements, particularly the clearance around a master panel. This clearance includes a depth of 36 inches and an area 36 inches wide which provides uninterrupted access to the panel. This clearance leaves room for maintenance and repairs as needed. The code also specifies that closets, bathrooms and other enclosed spaces are not appropriate locations for an electrical master panel.

Wiring Basics

• All kitchen countertops and food preparation areas are required to have GFCI protected plugs to prevent injury and all countertop plug-ins must be set at least 24 inches apart. This requirement goes for any countertop or bar which is 12 inches deep or more, and each of these spaces must have at least one outlet. Wiring a residence requires three colors of wire; red, white and black, in addition to bare wires used for grounding.

  The grounding wire is mounted to the frame of an appliance and carries no current except when a short circuit occurs. This action will trip the breaker and shut off power to the appliance. Both black and red wires, referred to as "hot" wires, carry current from the breaker to the appliance or outlet. White wires, on the other hand, carry current from the appliance to the breaker and are referred to as "returns." Wire requirements will vary a bit from state to state, but the minimum size is 14-2, with 12-2 being preferable for its thicker size and more durable performance, particularly in the kitchen. The thicker wire means reduced chance of short circuiting, particularly when large appliances are used more than one at a time.