Kitchen Wiring Regulations

Wiring Guide

• Printing or purchasing a wiring guide is an essential first step to wiring a kitchen. This guide, found from several online sources or in do-it-yourself manuals, will outline the proper way to wire a kitchen. It will detail the proper wiring of electrical outlets, appliances and controls, and provide essential information to completing the project properly. A thorough guide should include an illustration including information about wire color and indicate where each wire will go. Prior to starting the project, make sure that any writing is clear and easy to read. Keep the chart nearby throughout the wiring process.

Kitchen Outlets

• The National Electric Code dictates the specific requirements regarding the electrical outlets in a kitchen. All kitchens, countertops and any space designated for eating must be outfitted with Ground Fault Circuit interrupter (GFCI) protected plugs. These plugs are specially designed to prevent any shocks or electrocution. Kitchen outlets must be a minimum of 24 inches apart, and all bars or islands more than a foot wide must have at least one receptacle. Checking these requirements with local codes is important, and will prevent costly repairs or delays. Most areas will have different requirements for existing homes and new construction.

Appliance Power Requirements

• The kitchen has one of the highest energy consumption rates in the home, due largely in part to heavy duty appliances. These appliances require higher voltage than other outlets in the home to assure appliances function correctly. Dishwashers require a single 15 amp, 120 volt circuit which is wired with a heavy duty 14/2 cable. This outlet is not required to have GFCI protection. The range must be fit with one 50 amp outlet with at least 120 volts -- 240 volts is preferable. This appliance must be wired with 6/3 cable to function correctly and is also not required to have a GFCI outlet. The National Electric Code will outline more completely individual wiring, amperage and circuit requirements for appliances.

Electrical Equipment

• Proper placement of service equipment for electrical work is also outlined by the National Electric Code. These pieces, including the main panel and meter base, must be adequate to support the voltage required by kitchen appliances. Older homes sometimes require upgrading to support modern equipment. As with the wiring itself, all associated electrical equipment must meet local and national standards and be updated as needed. Control panels should be located in a spot with a 30-inch wide by 36-inch deep free zone -- a spot unobstructed by cabinets, posts or other debris. This is to provide space for repairs and maintenance. Enclosed spaces, including closets and bathrooms are not permitted to house electrical panels. Specifics are found online within the National Electrical Code.