DIY Upgrade of a Dirt Basement

Moisture

• Since the basement walls and floor are below ground level, moisture is frequently a problem. A moisture barrier laid on the floor prior to pouring the concrete is essential, and a thick layer of gravel will help to prevent dampness from becoming a problem. Walls should also be inspected for cracks and sealed to prevent moisture from getting in. Areas on the outside of the basement that allow water to pool need to be graded so that water runs away from the house instead of making puddles next to the foundation.

Odors

• If the basement has a bad odor, look for the source. Often mold or mildew can be behind a pervasive bad smell. The floor can be treated by sprinkling baking soda over the surface before pouring concrete. Block walls should be washed down with a mixture of baking soda and water. A vinegar wash also helps to remove odors. In addition to treating the odor, the source of it should be dealt with. Any debris that might be emitting a bad smell must be removed and any damp areas dealt with so moisture is no longer causing mold or mildew to grow.

Floor

• One of the most essential considerations when upgrading a dirt basement is the floor. In most cases, the best choice is a poured concrete floor. A professional contractor is not necessary, but the homeowner must be sure that the dirt is smooth and level before pouring the concrete. It is also important to keep the level of the finished floor below the sill, which is where the walls join the foundation of the home. Sometimes, dirt must be removed in order to allow enough room. For best results, the entire floor should be poured at the same time.

Walls and Ceiling

• Most dirt basements have either concrete walls or bare studs set against the dirt walls, to keep the basement from collapsing. In some cases these have been partially covered in an attempt to make a portion of the basement usable, especially if shelves for canned goods have been added. It is important to make sure that any old wallboard, insulation or other material that might have been used to cover the walls in the past is completely removed before proceeding. Everything should be swept as clean as possible and thoroughly vacuumed to remove mouse droppings, dust and other contaminants. Walls can then be framed directly against the concrete or they can make use of the existing studs and then be covered with insulated paneling, drywall or other material. Drop ceilings are generally fairly easy to install, or drywall can be attached directly to the beams that support the floor above. Painting the entire room gives it a fresh, finished look.