How to Nail Roof Rafters

Set one pair of rafters on an end of the roof, with the triangular bearing point notch, or birdsmouth, of each rafter firmly on the top and outside edge of the wall cap. The top of the triangle should rest firmly on top of the wall board, with the vertical notch solidly against the outside edge. Drive three 8d nails with a hammer through the rafter, at an angle, into the wall cap; put two nails on one side and the third nail on the opposite side. Fasten rafters on both sides of the roof this way. Use a level to make sure they are plumb vertically. Let the top, or plumb, cut angles rest against each other.

Move to the other end of the roof, and install a second set of rafters. Raise a 2-inch by 6-inch rafter board between the rafter tops from underneath. Brace it in place, use a level to be certain it is level and secure it with three 8d nails through each rafter. Drive one nail from the outside, through the narrow face of the rafter, and two others toenailed at angles from each side of the rafter. Avoid driving the nails into each other.

Set all rafters in place with top plate and ridge board nails. Check each rafter pair for plumb and the ridge board for level. Install "hurricane clips," metal brackets which overlap the rafters and wall caps, where they meet and are nailed to both boards; many jurisdictions now require these for extra support.