The Stages of Construction of Elements of a House

Foundation

• After the various permits and materials are obtained, the foundation is laid for a home. This involves digging, grading and excavating. Large land moving equipment is typically used. The under-plumbing, drainage ditches and pipes are installed. The foundation is then framed up and poured, usually using concrete. Some homes may also require steel or rebar at the foundational stage. Those using post-and-beam style typically don't have a ground-level concrete floor, but are built above the ground using concrete and wood or steel posts.

Framing, Walls and Roofing

• Once the foundation is dry and approved, the walls and roof are framed in. The blueprints and architectural plans and referred to for accurate measurements. The outer walls are typically framed in first, then the inner, with the roof forming up last. Doors and windows are framed for all exterior openings. The interior closets, pantries, sub-rooms, storage areas also are framed into place. This is also the stage when stairs are laid out. To keep the weather out, the roof sheathing and shingles are soon added and exterior walls enclosed.

Plumbing, Electrical and Mechanical

• What are often referred to as "the guts" are added next. This includes the very important list involving all water and waste piping, water heaters, air and heating systems, ductwork and the electrical wiring. Each of these may require different steps in approvals and assurances that they all go in properly and safely. The plumbing and electrical work cannot easily be accessed once the interior walls enclose them.

Interior & Exterior Finalizing

• Insulation of the walls, secondary flooring and roof follow the pipes and wires. The interior drywall goes on next. Tubs, sinks showers, shelving and tiles are installed. Appliances and fixtures are placed. Flooring materials are added. Then, cabinetry and all trim and finish work are completed. Lastly comes the interior and exterior painting. The landscape is commonly done after the home is completed.