How to Choose a Site for a Storm Shelter

Determine the type of weather events common for your region. The type of storm determines the type of shelter you have, whether below or above ground.

Choose the basement for a storm shelter if flooding is not a concern. A basement or cellar can be reinforced to withstand strong winds, tornadoes and other dangerous weather events. A basement storm shelter is good for long stays with room for sleeping, food and water storage and other supply storage to help you survive for a few days. However, below-ground shelters are expensive to construct. They are also more susceptible to flooding and to the stresses if the soil freezes, according to the Tornado Project website.

Choose a windowless bathroom or hallway if flooding is a possibility. Hallways and bathrooms are best for temporary protection from a tornado or hurricane. These areas are also good for homes without basements or cellars. Another advantage of above-ground shelters is that they are more easily accessible for the elderly or those with disabilities. Using a hallway or bathroom as a shelter doesn't require much in the way of construction, so costs are minimal.

Use a storage area or a large closet. Another option for those without basements or windowless rooms or hallways is to use a storage area as a storm shelter. The only problem is that the storage room or closet may be too small to accommodate everyone, so a few storage rooms or closets may be needed to protect everyone.

Choose an area adjacent to the house. One problem with this option is many people don't have enough space to build a separate structure on their property. Also, if a storm is fast approaching, everyone may not have time to exit the house and make it safely to the shelter. To build a storm shelter also is expensive.