Concrete Structural Floor Systems

Types

• One of the more common types of concrete floors is called the flat plate or flat slab system. The Portland Concrete Association indicates that these are two different types of structural systems, but most concrete-related websites treat these two terms synonymously. The other two most popular types of flooring systems include the one- and two-way joist systems. These are generally created using steel pan forms that come in various sizes. The joists are ribs used to reinforce the concrete slab, making it more durable, less dependent on external reinforcement and less susceptible to dead weight.

Soil

• One the major considerations when selecting a structural floor system is the type of soil on which the floor will sit. Factors to consider include whether the soil is subject to constant shifting and movement; where the water table is in relation to the foundation; and even the local level of seismic activity. Each of these factors, and others of a similar nature, can have an effect on the type of structural system used.

Selection

• Another factor in the selection of the structural system is the ability to construct it based on environmental and other local factors. For instance, putting together a foundation structure in a cold weather climate, or at a time of year when the weather is cold and moist, may require the selection of a steel pan forming system. This will allow the concrete to harden and form without necessarily having to heat it as would be the case with other types of form structures.

Construction

• Various factors also influence the type of slab system, and the construction method used to put it in place. For example, the construction site must have adequate soil preparation by rolling the soil so it can withstand the tension the slab puts on it. A thin layer of rock or gravel also goes far towards supporting the slab. The slab needs some level of moisture protection also. This should come in the form of a vapor retarder or some other type of moisture barrier. Strengthening the concrete's structure through the use of wire reinforcement or other means is also essential in the construction process.