What Are the Dangers of Woodstoves?

Creosote Fire

• Creosote is a naturally-occurring material that forms as a result of burning wood. Although rare, it can form inside the stove if the internal temperature isn't high enough to burn it. More often, creosote builds up inside the chimney or stove pipe, which is cooler than the stove, when gases are released from burning wood. It is flammable and collects on every surface it contacts. Once ignited, it can burn in a violent rage. Wood stoves are designed to safely contain fires, but stove pipes are not. A chimney or stove pipe fire can quickly lead to a fire in the wall. The good news is that most newer stoves and stove pipes are designed with creosote dangers in mind. Many are available with a temperature gauge and other features that help you burn wood safely in your home. Regular chimney maintenance helps reduce and remove creosote.

Improper Stove Clearance

• A wood burning stove must be installed with enough clearance between it and the walls, floor and mantle to prevent combustion, explains home improvement expert Bob Vila. A fire-resistant barrier is mandatory, such as a commercial fireproof plate or firebrick hearth. Each stove is different, and the manufacturer should supply proper installation clearance requirements for yours. Always err on the side of caution with fire protection, adding fire resistant materials as necessary to accommodate your stove safely. A fire can start from an accidental spark or from overheated conditions around the stove.

Poor Chimney

• Chimneys are not just tubes or stacks where smoke leaves the house. They are specialized structures designed to encourage proper draft. A poor chimney, or a poorly installed one, will not draw smoke and fumes from the house correctly. This can lead to smoke inhalation and carbon monoxide poisoning. Wood burning stoves are a leading source of carbon monoxide, according to WebMD. A prefabricated chimney bearing the Underwriter's Laboratory label is your safest option. Hire a professional if you are not sure you can install it exactly as the manufacturer requires.