The term cupola is typically used as a architectural term. Dictionary.com defines a cupola as a light structure on a dome or roof. It is also defined as a dome that covers a circular or polygonal area.
Cupolas were once used to house the large bells found in churches in Europe and puritan America. The architectural design was also used as a ventilation system for heating and cooking systems.
Many buildings have metallic cylindrical vents atop their roofs with a metallic cupola shielding them from debris and rain. Gazebos are also a good example of cupolas.