Design the post based on the wall and the room's overall design. You may want the post flush with the wall top or several inches higher.
Measure and cut the 4-by-4 post to meet your height desire. If the wall is 36 inches high and you want the post to be 40 inches high before the cap, cut the post 40 inches long.
Set the post base mount on the floor. Get a post base that has four anchoring sides. Mark the screw holes in the wall end and the bolt hole with a pencil.
Drill the marked holes with an appropriate drill bit. Always select a bit that's slightly smaller than the screw or bolt to ensure the screw can get a grip in the wall material when you screw it in.
Secure the bracket in place by first bolting it to the ground and then screwing it into the existing wall end.
Position the cut 4-by-4 post in the bracket. Mark the screw holes along the sides of the bracket with a pencil.
Drill the holes into the post. Secure it by tightening the screws.
Drill a hole in the center of the post top. Screw the post cap in place.
Apply the desired molding along the bottom to hide the bracket and add a decorative touch to the lower edge of the post.
Paint or stain the post to match or otherwise complement the half-wall and the room decor.