Characteristics of the Modernist Architectural Style

Functional Spare Design

• Modern architecture expresses its use and does not use ornament or superfluous aesthetic elements on its form. Instead, every element and space in modern architecture is spare, only providing furnishings and spatial characteristics that will afford a space's purpose. Most modern architecture uses a limited color palate, including white, shades of gray and black. Furthermore, functional architectural elements, such as doors, stairs or windows, are highlighted with severe details to call attention to the elements' purpose.

Emphasis on Circulation

• Circulation and movement are extremely important in modern architecture. In fact, many describe modernism in terms of motion and purpose. Because modern architecture is meant to help the inhabitant or user, corridors, ductwork and plumbing are featured and are usually more than ample for the building's purpose. Again, circulation is part of a building's function, so modern architects try to call attention to these elements.

Emphasis of the Machine

• Because modernism developed hand-in-hand with industrialization, modern structures were designed and constructed in light of the machine. Modern architects created pronounced details and building systems that focused on machine manufacturing and making. Furthermore, support elements, such as air conditioning units, pumps and automated furnishings were focal points in modern architecture.

Le Corbusier's Five Points

• The famous architect Le Corbusier proposed five points of modern architecture in his book, "Towards a New Architecture." Many architects used these five points to define the modern style of architecture. These five points are the use of: pilotis, or columns, to lift the building off of the ground; an open floor plan, which is laid out without the need of, or in spite of, the building's structure; a free facade that is not structural; ribbon windows to highlight the free facade; and an accessible rooftop garden.