Victorian & Neoclassic Differences in Architecture

Neoclassical Origins

• Neoclassical architecture was the most popular form of architecture before the Victorian era. The designs were inspired by ancient Greek and Roman architecture. Andre Palladio was the first architecture to utilize these influences in his designs in the 1500s. It was later that his work would inspire American architects in designing government buildings such as the White House and U.S. Supreme Court building.

Simplicity and Dignity

• The lines of Neoclassical buildings were designed to be symmetrical. Large pillars that stand the height of the entire building, domed roofs and triangular pediments are key features of Neoclassical architecture. Federalist, Rationalist, Jefferson's Idealist and Greek Revival are four other common variations. The styles vary slightly, but share key features. Greek Revival was the most influential style in early American culture.

Victorian Origins

• With the decline of Greek Revival's popularity, a new style was evolving in the countrysides and cottages of England. The focus of design was based in the interior of the house and concentrated on floor layout as opposed to the Neoclassical focus on the external appearance. Initial homes were commonly built without insulation, bathrooms or kitchens. This style of architecture thrived in America after the civil war.

Ornate and Functional

• Victorian architects created their own styles of ornate decoration to include in the building of each home. Scrolls, fans and fretwork were common ornate features. Windows were designed with beveled glass while pediments, cornices, rosettes and balusters were key elements. Victorian architecture opened up the color pallet previously used for homes. The elaborate ornamentation was made possible by advancement of carpentry tools; new building techniques helped to reduce the cost of building.